# Hyaluronic acid and chondroitin sulfate in the management of Bacillus Calmette–Guérin–induced cystitis: what we have learned and what is still missing?

**Authors:** Marilena Gubbiotti, Stefano Rosadi, Valentina Giommoni, Barbara Bigazzi, Emanuele Rubilotta

PMC · DOI: 10.3389/fsurg.2026.1783135 · 2026-03-05

## Full-text entities

- **Diseases:** cystitis (MESH:D003556)
- **Chemicals:** Hyaluronic acid (MESH:D006820), chondroitin sulfate (MESH:D002809)

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Source: https://tomesphere.com/paper/PMC12999858