# Xanthogranulomatous Prostatitis Mimicking Prostate Carcinoma in A 78‐Year‐Old Male

**Authors:** Mohammed Salah E. Khalifa Salem, Eesaa Docrat, Lesego Molwelang, Pule David Molebatsi, Alain Mwamba Mukendi

PMC · DOI: 10.1002/ccr3.71687 · 2025-12-14

## TL;DR

This paper discusses a case where xanthogranulomatous prostatitis was mistaken for prostate cancer in an elderly man.

## Contribution

The paper highlights the importance of considering rare conditions like xanthogranulomatous prostatitis in prostate cancer differential diagnosis.

## Key findings

- Xanthogranulomatous prostatitis can mimic prostate cancer with elevated PSA and abnormal exams.
- A multidisciplinary approach is crucial for accurate diagnosis and management.
- Discordant PSA levels and imaging features should prompt consideration of alternative diagnoses.

## Abstract

Prostate cancer is typically the leading diagnosis in patients with elevated PSA and abnormal digital rectal exam findings. Clinicians should consider mimickers such as xanthogranulomatous prostatitis in the differential diagnosis, particularly in cases with discordant PSA levels and imaging characteristics. A multidisciplinary approach integrating clinical, radiological, and histopathological findings is essential to avoid misdiagnosis and ensure accurate management.

## Linked entities

- **Diseases:** prostate cancer (MONDO:0005159)

## Full-text entities

- **Genes:** NPEPPS (aminopeptidase puromycin sensitive) [NCBI Gene 9520] {aka AAP-S, MP100, PSA}
- **Diseases:** Prostate Carcinoma (MESH:D011472), Prostate cancer (MESH:D011471)
- **Species:** Homo sapiens (human, species) [taxon 9606]

## Figures

1 figure with captions in the complete paper: https://tomesphere.com/paper/PMC12998241/full.md

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Source: https://tomesphere.com/paper/PMC12998241