# Case Report: Complete remission of refractory Langerhans cell sarcoma following CLAG-M chemotherapy and allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant

## TL;DR

A rare case of aggressive Langerhans Cell Sarcoma achieved complete remission after CLAG-M chemotherapy and a stem cell transplant.

## Contribution

Demonstrates successful treatment of refractory LCS using CLAG-M and allogeneic HSCT, offering a potential therapeutic strategy.

## Key findings

- A 56-year-old woman with refractory LCS achieved complete remission after CLAG-M chemotherapy.
- Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation was used successfully following chemotherapy.
- The case suggests allogeneic HSCT may be an effective treatment for refractory LCS.

## Abstract

Langerhans Cell Sarcoma (LCS) is an extremely rare and aggressive neoplasm with limited consensus on optimal treatment. We report the case of a 56-year-old woman with refractory Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis (LCH) that transformed into Langerhans Cell Sarcoma (LCS) who achieved complete remission following chemotherapy with cladribine, high-dose cytarabine, G-CSF, and mitoxantrone (CLAG-M), and subsequent allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). This case highlights the potential role of allogeneic HSCT as an effective therapeutic option for refractory LCS and underscores the importance of reporting additional cases to guide future management strategies in this rare malignancy.