# Developing an innovative chimeric multi-epitope subunit vaccine against Staphylococcus intermedius using an immunoinformatics strategy via Multi-omics approaches

## TL;DR

This paper presents a new multi-epitope vaccine design for Staphylococcus intermedius using immunoinformatics and multi-omics methods.

## Contribution

A novel chimeric multi-epitope vaccine candidate with strong antigenic and non-allergenic properties is proposed.

## Key findings

- The vaccine showed favorable antigenicity, non-allergenicity, and high stability in silico.
- Molecular docking confirmed strong binding with immune receptors like TLR4, TLR3, MHC-I, and MHC-II.
- Molecular dynamics simulations indicated stable immune receptor-vaccine complexes.

## Abstract

Streptococcus intermedius is a major human pathogen associated with invasive diseases such as meningitis and endocarditis. These infections may lead to inflammation, fever, and cardiac damage. At present, no effective vaccine exists for prevention.

This study aimed to design a stable, non-allergenic, and antigenic chimeric multi-epitope vaccine against S. intermedius using Immunoinformatics approaches.

Twelve B-cell, five helper T lymphocyte (HTL), and five cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) epitopes were predicted using advanced immunoinformatics tools. These epitopes were assembled into a single vaccine candidate. The construct was evaluated in silico for its antigenicity, allergenicity, and physicochemical stability. A 3D structural model of the vaccine was generated and validated. Molecular docking and dynamics simulations were conducted to assess interactions between the vaccine and immune receptors: TLR4, TLR3, MHC-I, and MHC-II.

The final vaccine candidate demonstrated favorable antigenic and non-allergenic properties, along with high stability. Structural validation confirmed proper folding. Docking analyses revealed strong binding affinities between the vaccine and target immune receptors. Molecular dynamics simulations indicated stable complexes, supporting the construct’s immunological compatibility.

The designed chimeric multi-epitope vaccine shows strong potential to elicit an immune response against S. intermedius. These findings provide a foundation for further experimental validation through in vivo and clinical trials.