# Evaluation of potential of Revstone ® on gentamicin-induced renal toxicity in Wistar rats: a comparative study of the capsule and syrup forms

## TL;DR

This study compared the effectiveness of Revstone® capsule and syrup in protecting rat kidneys from gentamicin damage, finding the syrup more effective.

## Contribution

The study provides a comparative evaluation of two formulations of Revstone® for renal protection in a gentamicin-induced toxicity model.

## Key findings

- Revstone® syrup at high dose significantly reduced creatinine levels in gentamicin-treated rats.
- Both formulations improved oxidative stress markers and kidney histology.
- The syrup form showed greater renoprotective efficacy than the capsule form.

## Abstract

Revstone®, a polyherbal formulation available in capsule and syrup forms, is designed to treat kidney-related disorders. However, its renoprotective efficacy remains insufficiently validated. In this study, we aimed to evaluate and compare the renoprotective potential of Revstone® capsule and syrup formylations in Wistar rats.

The aim of this study was to assess the acute toxicity profile of Revstone® capsule and syrup following Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) guidelines and compare their efficacy in reversing renal damage based on biochemical, histological, and functional markers.

Acute oral toxicity testing was conducted according to the OECD 423 guidelines, and rats were observed for 14 days for mortality, behavioural and clinical changes, body weight variations, and gross necropsy findings. For efficacy evaluation, nephrotoxicity was induced by gentamicin (80 mg/kg i.p. for 7 days). Rats were divided into seven groups, namely, the normal control, disease control, Revstone® syrup (low and high dose), Revstone® capsule (low and high dose), and standard drug control (valsartan 10 mg/kg). Renal function was assessed from serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, and uric acid levels. Oxidative stress markers such as malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) were measured, and histopathological evaluation of kidney tissue was performed. Data were analysed using one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s post hoc test (p < 0.05).

Gentamicin significantly elevated renal markers (p < 0.001). Revstone® syrup at high dose markedly reduced creatinine (p < 0.001), while both formulations improved oxidative stress and renal histology. The syrup formulation was more effective, indicating its potential for future clinical application.

Revstone® capsule and syrup demonstrated significant renoprotective activities in gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity in rats.