# Novel immunotherapeutic strategies for diffuse large B-cell lymphoma: a comprehensive review

## TL;DR

This paper reviews new immunotherapy approaches for treating a common type of lymphoma, highlighting recent advances and challenges in improving patient outcomes.

## Contribution

The paper provides a comprehensive overview of novel immunotherapies for DLBCL and their implications for personalized treatment strategies.

## Key findings

- New immunotherapies like CAR-T and bispecific antibodies show promise in treating relapsed/refractory DLBCL.
- Resistance mechanisms and high costs remain significant barriers to effective treatment.
- Personalized treatment approaches are needed to optimize outcomes for DLBCL patients.

## Abstract

Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) represents the most prevalent histological subtype of non-Hodgkin lymphoma, characterized by pronounced clinical and biological heterogeneity. Despite the incorporation of rituximab into the cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone (R-CHOP) regimen—achieving durable remission in approximately 60% of patients—30%–40% ultimately experience relapse or develop refractory disease, resulting in unfavorable clinical outcomes. Over the past decade, the advent of novel immunotherapeutic approaches has reshaped the therapeutic paradigm for relapsed/refractory (R/R) DLBCL. Emerging modalities, including monoclonal antibodies, immune checkpoint inhibitors, chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR-T) therapies, antibody–drug conjugates, and bispecific antibodies, have demonstrated encouraging efficacy across multiple clinical settings. Nevertheless, the intrinsic complexity of resistance mechanisms, coupled with the substantial cost and limited accessibility of advanced molecular diagnostics, continues to hinder optimal disease management. This review summarizes the commonly used therapeutic strategies for DLBCL, discusses recent advances, and aims to provide insights for the future development of personalized treatment approaches.