# Optimizing the Diagnosis of Ureteral Complications After Kidney Transplantation Using Retrograde Multidetector Computed Tomography Urography: A Case Series

## TL;DR

This case series shows how retrograde MDCT urography helps diagnose ureteral issues after kidney transplants when other tests are unclear.

## Contribution

Demonstrates retrograde MDCT urography's effectiveness in diagnosing post-transplant ureteral complications with high accuracy.

## Key findings

- Retrograde MDCT urography accurately identified ureteral leaks and obstructions.
- The technique provided detailed anatomical visualization and improved therapeutic decision-making.
- It served as a reliable diagnostic tool when ultrasound findings were inconclusive.

## Abstract

Ureteral complications remain a significant cause of morbidity following kidney transplantation and may threaten graft survival if not diagnosed promptly. Retrograde multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) urography has emerged as a valuable imaging modality for detailed evaluation of the transplant ureter. This case series highlights the role of retrograde MDCT urography in the assessment of post-transplant ureteral complications, particularly urine leaks and ureteral obstructions, in patients with inconclusive or non-diagnostic ultrasound findings. In the presented cases, retrograde MDCT urography accurately localized the site and extent of ureteral leaks, facilitated timely therapeutic decision-making, and contributed to preservation of graft function. The technique provided high spatial resolution and comprehensive anatomical visualization of the collecting system and ureter. These observations support the role of retrograde MDCT urography as a reliable and effective adjunct imaging modality of the diagnostic algorithm for renal transplant recipients with suspected urological complications.