# Application of the miRNAs as biomarkers and therapeutic strategies in periodontal inflammation

## TL;DR

This paper reviews how miRNAs regulate immune responses in periodontal disease and their potential as biomarkers and therapies.

## Contribution

The paper highlights novel miRNA targets and their roles in periodontal inflammation, suggesting therapeutic and diagnostic potential.

## Key findings

- MiRNAs like miR-146a and miR-29 are upregulated in periodontal disease.
- Downregulated miRNAs include miR-31 and miR-92 in periodontitis models.
- Stable miRNA presence in gingival crevicular fluid suggests use as disease indicators.

## Abstract

Inflammatory and host immunological responses to bacterial tooth infections contribute to the development of periodontal disease. MiRNAs (miRNAs) play a critical role in regulating these immunological and inflammatory responses. miRNAs influence both innate and adaptive immunity in periodontal disease, affecting the functions of T and B cells, neutrophils, macrophages, and dendritic cells. This review examines the regulatory roles of miRNAs in periodontal tissues and evaluates their potential as therapeutic agents and biomarkers. Upregulated miRNAs identified include miR-146a, miR-29, miR-15, miR-148, and miR-223, while miR-31, miR-92, and miR-451 are downregulated. The review emphasizes the altered expression of miRNAs in periodontitis models. Selective targeting of miRNA pathways, enabled by gain or loss-of-function approaches, represents a promising strategy for therapeutic intervention. Additionally, the stability of miRNAs in gingival crevicular fluid and their association with specific features of periodontal disease underscore their potential as indicators of disease progression or tissue recovery.