# Risk factors associated with solid oral tumors in dogs: a case–control study in São Paulo, Brazil

## TL;DR

This study explores risk factors for solid oral tumors in dogs, finding associations with age, weight, and environmental exposures.

## Contribution

The study identifies new associations between solid oral tumors in dogs and factors like dietary habits and environmental exposures.

## Key findings

- Age, weight, and reproductive status were significantly associated with solid oral tumors in dogs.
- Dietary habits and exposure to barbecue smoke and professional dental cleaning were linked to tumor risk.
- The study highlights the need for further research to confirm these observational findings.

## Abstract

Solid oral tumors represent approximately 6% of malignant neoplasms in dogs, with melanoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and fibrosarcoma identified as the most prevalent types. This case-control study examined internal and external factors associated with their development.

Owners of 80 dogs with oral tumors and 95 healthy controls completed a structured epidemiological questionnaire. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed.

Significant associations were identified regarding age, weight, reproductive status, dietary habits, and environmental exposures, such as barbecue smoke and professional dental cleaning.

These findings suggest potential risk factors, though the study’s observational design requires cautious interpretation. Further investigation through prospective studies is warranted.