# 𝔟-Hurwitz numbers from refined topological recursion

**Authors:** Nitin Kumar Chidambaram, Maciej Dołęga, Kento Osuga

PMC · DOI: 10.1007/s00208-026-03418-4 · Mathematische Annalen · 2026-03-14

## TL;DR

This paper shows how a mathematical technique called refined topological recursion can compute certain types of Hurwitz numbers and other related quantities.

## Contribution

The paper proves that refined topological recursion computes b-Hurwitz numbers and their generating functions for specific weights.

## Key findings

- b-Hurwitz numbers with internal faces are computed using refined topological recursion on a rational spectral curve.
- The generating function for b-Hurwitz numbers analytically continues to a rational curve.
- Correlators of Gaussian, Jacobi, and Laguerre β-ensembles are computed using refined topological recursion.

## Abstract

We prove that single G-weighted \documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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				\begin{document}$$\mathfrak {b}$$\end{document}b-Hurwitz numbers with internal faces are computed by refined topological recursion on a rational spectral curve, for certain rational weights G. Consequently, the \documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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				\begin{document}$$\mathfrak {b}$$\end{document}b-Hurwitz generating function analytically continues to a rational curve. In particular, our results cover the cases of \documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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				\begin{document}$$\mathfrak {b}$$\end{document}b-monotone Hurwitz numbers, and the enumeration of maps and bipartite maps (with internal faces) on non-oriented surfaces. As an application, we prove that the correlators of the Gaussian, Jacobi and Laguerre \documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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				\begin{document}$$\beta $$\end{document}β-ensembles are computed by refined topological recursion.

## Full-text entities

- **Genes:** CHRM1 (cholinergic receptor muscarinic 1) [NCBI Gene 1128] {aka HM1, M1, M1R}, F2R (coagulation factor II thrombin receptor) [NCBI Gene 2149] {aka CF2R, HTR, PAR-1, PAR1, TR}, CHRM4 (cholinergic receptor muscarinic 4) [NCBI Gene 1132] {aka HM4, M4R}, CHRM2 (cholinergic receptor muscarinic 2) [NCBI Gene 1129] {aka HM2}
- **Chemicals:** 0l1 (-)
- **Cell lines:** HM3 — Homo sapiens (Human), Finite cell line (CVCL_UZ40)

## Full text

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## Figures

2 figures with captions in the complete paper: https://tomesphere.com/paper/PMC12988905/full.md

## References

1 references — full list in the complete paper: https://tomesphere.com/paper/PMC12988905/full.md

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Source: https://tomesphere.com/paper/PMC12988905