Impact of Calcium–Magnesium Ratio in Purified Water Remineralization on Calcium Oxalate Crystal Formation and Renal Injury
Yingbin Zhang, Jiaohua Luo, Yao Tan, Zhiqiang Wang, Kun Qian, Weiyan Chen, Ke Cui, Ji-An Chen, Yujing Huang
TL;DR
This study shows that adding calcium and magnesium to purified water in specific ratios can help prevent kidney stones and kidney damage in rats.
Contribution
The study identifies optimal calcium-to-magnesium ratios for remineralizing purified water to prevent calcium oxalate crystal formation and renal injury.
Findings
Ratios of 0.5 and 3.4 Ca:Mg reduced urinary calcium oxalate crystallization and improved kidney function.
Higher Ca:Mg ratios (over 10) showed no protective effects against kidney stones or injury.
Pathological examination confirmed reduced renal injury with optimal Ca:Mg ratios.
Abstract
Despite the known association between calcium and magnesium in drinking water and stone risk, the difference in stone prevention of purified water remineralized with varying calcium-to-magnesium ratios (Ca:Mg) remains unclear. Objectives: This study investigates the impact of different Ca:Mg in the remineralization of purified water on calcium oxalate crystallization and renal injury. Methods: Sixty male Sprague-Dawley rats were induced calcium oxalate crystals by a sodium oxalate diet and divided into six groups, where they drank purified water with or without remineralized varying Ca:Mg (0.5, 3.4, 10, 20, 100). Serum and urine biomarkers of renal function, renal injury, mineral metabolism, bone metabolism, and urine calcium oxalate crystals were detected. Kidneys were isolated for pathological examination. Results: Findings showed that remineralization by 0.5 and 3.4 Ca:Mg…
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Taxonomy
TopicsKidney Stones and Urolithiasis Treatments · Parathyroid Disorders and Treatments · Dialysis and Renal Disease Management