# Recent Advances in Metal Phthalocyanine for Sensing Applications

## TL;DR

Metal phthalocyanines are promising materials for sensors due to their stability and tunable properties, useful in environmental, biomedical, and industrial applications.

## Contribution

The paper reviews recent advancements in metal phthalocyanine-based sensors and highlights their potential for future development.

## Key findings

- Metal phthalocyanines offer high sensitivity and selectivity for sensing various targets.
- Their structural versatility allows modulation for different sensing applications.
- MPcs are used in photoelectric, gas, and biosensors with excellent performance.

## Abstract

In recent years, metal phthalocyanine (MPc)-based sensors have garnered significant interest for applications in environmental monitoring, biomedical diagnostics, and industrial process control, owing to their efficient and cost-effective sensing capabilities. In contrast to conventional inorganic materials, MPcs are a class of small-molecule materials characterized by a stable, π-conjugated macrocyclic framework with a tunable central metal ion. This structural architecture imparts unique physicochemical properties, including high chemical stability, excellent redox activity, structural versatility, considerable dielectric constant and electrical conductivity, along with pronounced optical absorption and excellent environmental stability. By incorporating different metal ions into the macrocyclic core, their functional characteristics can be precisely modulated to achieve high sensitivity and selectivity toward various gas, ion, or biomolecule targets. Leveraging these advantages, MPcs have been extensively utilized in diverse sensing platforms, such as photoelectric, gas, and biosensors. This review outlines recent advances in MPc-based sensor research and provides perspectives on their future development trends.