# Mechanical Analysis and Verification Research on Asymmetric Four-Point Bending for the JCO Forming Process of LSAW Pipes

## TL;DR

This paper introduces an asymmetric bending method to improve the efficiency and quality of large-diameter pipe forming.

## Contribution

The novel asymmetric four-point air bending process reduces pipe ovality and improves forming efficiency in LSAW pipe production.

## Key findings

- The AFB process achieved an ellipticity of less than 0.66%, significantly lower than symmetric methods.
- Experimental and simulation results showed minimal error and consistent trends with theoretical predictions.
- The AFB process improves both forming quality and production efficiency for LSAW pipes.

## Abstract

Large-diameter longitudinal submerged arc welded (LSAW) pipes represent a critical component of long-distance oil and gas transmission pipelines. To enhance the forming efficiency of the JCO (J-shape to C-shape to O-shape) forming process for LSAW pipes, and to reduce residual straight segment in order to minimize the ovality of the formed pipes, an asymmetric four-point air bending (AFB) process was proposed. In this process, one end of the sheet contacts the dies with a straight segment, while the other end contacts a circular arc segment. The distribution of bending moments and mechanical model under different bending stages were analyzed, and analytical formulas for the main forming indexes before and after springback were derived. Experimental and finite element simulation verification were conducted for the AFB process. The results indicated that the error between the experimental and simulation results and the theoretical results was small, and the variation trends were consistent. Furthermore, the ellipticity of the pipes formed by the AFB process was less than 0.66%, which is obviously lower than that of the pipe formed by the symmetric four-point air bending (SFB) process. The forming quality and production efficiency of the pipe is improved, thereby proving the feasibility and reliability of the AFB process and promoting the development of LSAW pipe JCO forming processes.