# On the Adiabatic Shear Band Sensitivity of Extruded Ti-6Al-4V Alloy Under Dynamic Compression Along the Extrusion and Transverse Directions

## TL;DR

This study investigates how extruded titanium alloy behaves under high-speed compression in different directions, revealing that direction affects failure mechanisms like adiabatic shear bands.

## Contribution

The paper introduces a crystal plasticity model to explain directional differences in adiabatic shear banding sensitivity in titanium alloys.

## Key findings

- TD specimens show higher yield strength and earlier adiabatic shear band initiation compared to ED specimens.
- Texture-controlled slip modes and thermomechanical coupling explain directional differences in strain localization.
- CPFEM simulations successfully reproduce experimental stress-strain responses and localization patterns.

## Abstract

Adiabatic shear banding (ASB) is a critical failure mechanism in titanium alloys subjected to high-strain-rate deformation, and its initiation is strongly influenced by the initial crystallographic texture. The dynamic response and ASB sensitivity of extruded and annealed Ti-6Al-4V (TC4) alloy rods were investigated under dynamic compression of cubic specimens along the extrusion direction (ED) and the transverse direction (TD) at a strain rate of 2500 s−1. Split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB) tests combined with digital image correlation (DIC) were employed to obtain the stress–strain response and the evolution of strain localization. A dislocation density-based crystal plasticity finite element model (CPFEM), incorporating the measured texture, was established to elucidate the correlation between texture and ASB behavior. The experimental results show that TD specimens exhibit a yield strength approximately 100 MPa higher than that of ED specimens, while both orientations display comparable post-yield hardening behavior. ASB initiation occurs earlier in TD (compressive strain ~0.13) than in ED (~0.23), indicating greater ASB sensitivity in the TD orientation. The CPFEM successfully reproduces the directional stress–strain responses and the observed localization morphology, enabling mechanistic interpretation in terms of slip activity and thermomechanical coupling. The simulations indicate that ED loading is dominated by prismatic ⟨a⟩ slip, resulting in lower flow stress and more dispersed strain localization. In contrast, TD loading is governed primarily by pyramidal ⟨c + a⟩ slip, leading to elevated flow stress and intensified localization. The higher ASB sensitivity in the TD orientation is therefore attributed to texture-controlled slip-mode partitioning, enhanced thermomechanical coupling, and a more concentrated crystallographic orientation distribution that facilitates intergranular slip transfer. These findings provide guidance for tailoring microtexture to mitigate dynamic failure in titanium alloys subjected to high-strain-rate loading.