# Successful Treatment of Histiocytic Sarcoma in Childhood

## TL;DR

A three-year-old girl with histiocytic sarcoma in her calf was successfully treated using a chemotherapy protocol designed for Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis.

## Contribution

This case demonstrates the successful use of the LCH-IV protocol for treating histiocytic sarcoma in a pediatric patient.

## Key findings

- Histiocytic sarcoma is rare in children and typically affects adults.
- The LCH-IV chemotherapy protocol was effective in treating the pediatric HS case.
- Histopathological and cellular origin verification is essential for HS diagnosis.

## Abstract

Histiocytic sarcoma (HS) is a rare malignant neoplasm that belongs to malignant histiocytoses. HS primarily occurs in adult males and is exceptionally uncommon in pediatric populations. Extranodal regions represent the most common sites of HS manifestation. Diagnosis necessitates histopathological evidence of neoplasm, along with verification of cellular origin through specialized studies. Here, we describe a case of a three-year-old female toddler with HS in her calf that was successfully treated with the chemotherapy protocol of Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis (LCH)-IV, the International Collaborative Treatment Protocol for Children and Adolescents with LCH, version 1.3.