Autogenous dentin grafts in implant dentistry: A scoping review of clinical applications and processing protocols

TL;DR

This review explores how using a patient's own dentin can help regenerate bone for dental implants, showing promising results compared to other materials.

Contribution

The study provides a systematic synthesis of autogenous dentin grafts' clinical applications and highlights the need for standardized processing protocols.

Findings

Autogenous dentin grafts show efficacy in bone regeneration and alveolar ridge preservation.

ADG combined with growth factors improves implant stability and soft tissue outcomes.

ADG is a cost-effective alternative with outcomes comparable to other biomaterials.

Abstract

This scoping review aimed to systematically map and synthesize the current evidence regarding the use of autogenous dentin grafts (ADG) in bone augmentation procedures.

The review was conducted following the PRISMA-ScR (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews) guidelines. A comprehensive search was performed in MEDLINE (PubMed), EMBASE, CINAHL, Cochrane Library, Livivo, LILACS, Web of Science, Scopus, and ProQuest Dissertations & Theses Global Google Scholar (gray literature) using the descriptors "Bone Regeneration," "Dentin," and "Dental Implants" combined with the Boolean operator and 7,690 studies identified through Google Scholar.

The initial search, conducted on December 23, 2024, retrieved 2,391 records, of which 16 met the eligibility criteria and were included in the final review. The findings indicate that autogenous dentin demonstrates efficacy in bone regeneration and alveolar ridge preservation, frequently exceeding the performance of allografts and xenografts. ADG was associated with increased bone density, enhanced implant stability, and improved soft tissue outcomes, particularly when combined with growth factors. Moreover, it was found to be a cost-effective alternative, producing outcomes comparable to other biomaterials regarding new bone formation and bone quality. Its osteoinductive properties further support long-term bone regeneration.

Nonetheless, a lack of standardization in dentin processing protocols was noted across studies. ADG represents an effective and accessible option for implant-supported rehabilitation, and future research should focus on standardizing its clinical application.

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