Upcycling Lignin into Porous Hybrid Beads and Sponges for Efficient Removal of Organic and Biological Contaminants from Water
Nicholas Breitkreuz, Tatyana L. Povolotsky, Philip Nickl, Mohsen Adeli, Rainer Haag, Sanjam Chandna
TL;DR
This paper introduces a sustainable method to create biodegradable materials from lignin and chitosan for removing pollutants and bacteria from water.
Contribution
A novel lignin-chitosan composite is developed for efficient removal of both organic and biological contaminants from water.
Findings
The lignin-chitosan sponge achieved complete E. coli adsorption with a 4 log reduction.
The composite showed high adsorption capacity for the organic dye methyl orange.
Cross-linking with chitosan reversed lignin's surface charge, improving its affinity for anionic pollutants.
Abstract
Modern industrialization leads to the widespread discharge of pollutants, such as organic dyes and bacterial contamination, into water streams, necessitating efficient and sustainable treatment strategies. To address this challenge, we report the fabrication of biodegradable adsorbents for efficient adsorption of chemical pollutants while reducing the microbial load. Herein, kraft lignin (KL) is cross-linked with chitosan to produce highly porous spherical beads, while EDC/NHS ((N-ethyl-N′-(3-(dimethylamino)propyl)carbodiimide/hydroxysuccinimide) coupling chemistry enabled the formation of microporous sponges and alginate-integrated beads. Cross-linking with chitosan induced a surface charge reversal of lignin from negative (−37 mV) to positive (+51 mV), enhancing its affinity for anionic contaminants. The resulting materials exhibited promising adsorption capacity for an organic…
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Taxonomy
TopicsAdsorption and biosorption for pollutant removal · Lignin and Wood Chemistry · Advanced Cellulose Research Studies