Exploring anatomical variations of mandibular premolars and their clinical management: a case series

TL;DR

This paper presents three cases of unusual root canal configurations in mandibular premolars and discusses their clinical management using advanced diagnostic tools.

Contribution

The study contributes new clinical insights into rare canal configurations in mandibular premolars and their successful treatment approaches.

Findings

Three mandibular premolars exhibited rare canal configurations (Sert and Bayirli Type IX, Vertucci Types V and IV).

Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) was effective in identifying complex canal morphologies.

Magnification and precise biomechanical preparation improved endodontic therapy outcomes.

Abstract

Anatomical variations in root canals pose significant challenges and may affect the course of treatment. Mandibular premolars usually have a single canal with single root. However, this case series highlights three mandibular premolars with distinct canal configurations. The first case involved a mandibular second premolar with Sert and Bayirli Type IX anatomy, characterised by one canal trifurcating into three different canals at the apex. In the second case, the Vertucci Type V configuration is in the mandibular second premolar. In the third case, a mandibular first premolar showed a Vertucci Type IV configuration, which remained distinct throughout its course. Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) is a reliable diagnostic tool for identifying these intricate canal morphologies. The use of magnification ensured through biomechanical preparation and obturation, which contributes to the success of endodontic therapy.

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