# Floquet angular modulation for 6G systems

**Authors:** Bilel Hamdi, Radhoine Aloui, Adel Sharar Aldalbahi, Tijeni Delleji, Sofien Mhatli, Taoufik Aguili, Ignacio Llamas-Garro, Ahmed Siala

PMC · DOI: 10.1038/s41598-026-42429-8 · Scientific Reports · 2026-03-03

## TL;DR

This paper presents a new, efficient method for analyzing angular modulation in 5G/6G systems, inspired by optical spectroscopy and optimized for faster computation.

## Contribution

A novel angular modulation technique combining modified Fourier and Floquet analysis for 5G/6G systems is introduced.

## Key findings

- The method reduces numerical complexity and computation time compared to traditional approaches.
- It is tailored for applications like reconfigurable intelligent surfaces and metasurfaces in next-gen wireless systems.

## Abstract

This paper introduces a computationally efficient method for angular modulation analysis in 5G/6G systems, significantly reducing numerical complexity and computation time compared to conventional techniques. Inspired by optical spectroscopy, we present novel approaches tailored for 5G/6G applications like reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RIS) and metasurfaces. Unlike traditional direct methods (Fourier, Jones matrix, Bessel series, orbital angular momentum), our technique employs a modified Fourier method combined with Floquet analysis.

## Full-text entities

- **Diseases:** OAM (MESH:D065170), RIS (MESH:D010534), depression (MESH:D003866)
- **Chemicals:** CO (MESH:D002248), graphene (MESH:D006108), Pt (MESH:D010984), KFU260126 (-)
- **Mutations:** A 6G

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## Figures

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## References

8 references — full list in the complete paper: https://tomesphere.com/paper/PMC12979583/full.md

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Source: https://tomesphere.com/paper/PMC12979583