# Effects of inspiratory muscle training for 28 days on the voice of women without vocal complaints

**Authors:** Julia Batistella, Alessandra Thais Beraldo, Perla do Nascimento Martins, Ana Paula Dassie-Leite, Eliane Cristina Pereira, Julia Batistella, Alessandra Thais Beraldo, Perla do Nascimento Martins, Ana Paula Dassie-Leite, Eliane Cristina Pereira

PMC · DOI: 10.1590/2317-1782/e20250109en · 2026-03-02

## TL;DR

This study found that 28 days of inspiratory muscle training improved vocal efficiency and aerodynamic control in women without vocal complaints.

## Contribution

The study demonstrates that inspiratory muscle training can enhance vocal performance in individuals without pre-existing vocal issues.

## Key findings

- Acoustic analysis showed a decrease in Shimmer % and an increase in HNR after training.
- Maximum phonation times and diadochokinesis syllable repetition rates improved significantly.
- Self-assessment scores indicated better vocal quality and reduced vocal-related limitations.

## Abstract

To analyze the vocal effects of inspiratory muscle training for 28 days in women without vocal complaints.

The study included 22 women with no vocal complaints who underwent inspiratory training with the Respiron® Classic Breathing Trainer and Stimulator. The training consisted of 2 sets per day of 30 repetitions for 28 consecutive days. Vocal samples were collected pre and post training and compared regarding auditory-perceptual evaluation (APE), acoustic analysis, aerodynamic and diadochokinesis measurements, and vocal self-assessment. The data was statistically analyzed using dependent tests.

No differences were found in the APE of the sustained vowel /a/ and number counting. Differences were found in the acoustic analysis, with a decrease in the median Shimmer % and an increase in HNR. There was an increase in the average maximum phonation times of the vowel /i/, of the fricatives /s/ and /z/, and counting numbers. There was also an increase in the average number of syllable repetitions in the diadochokinesis of the syllables /ka/ and /pataka/ and the vowel /a/. Increase in the means of the physical V-RQOL self-assessment protocol and total V-RQOL, and decrease in VHI-10; VoiSS limitation, VoiSS physical, and total VoiSS.

It can thus be inferred that the inspiratory training resulted in enhanced phonatory efficiency and augmented aerodynamic control, thereby conferring an improvement in vocal quality. It is therefore recommended that subjects who do not present vocal complaints and who wish to enhance their phonatory efficiency engage in inspiratory muscle training.

Analisar os efeitos vocais do treinamento muscular inspiratório por 28 dias em mulheres sem queixas vocais.

Participaram do estudo 22 mulheres sem queixas vocais, que realizaram treinamento inspiratório com Exercitador e Incentivador Respiratório Respiron® Classic. O treinamento consistiu em 2 séries por dia, de 30 repetições, durante 28 dias consecutivos. Amostras vocais foram coletadas pré e pós treinamento e comparadas quanto a: julgamento perceptivo-auditivo (JPA), análise acústica, medidas aerodinâmicas, diadococinesia e autoavaliação vocal. Os dados foram analisados estatisticamente por meio de testes dependentes.

Não foram encontradas diferenças no JPA da vogal sustentada /a/ e da contagem de números. Foram encontradas diferenças na análise acústica, com diminuição da mediana de Shimmer % e aumento de HNR. Houve aumento das médias dos tempos máximos de fonação da vogal /i/, das fricativas /s/ e /z/ e da contagem de números. Houve, ainda, aumento das médias do número de repetição de sílabas na diadococinesia das sílabas /ka/ e /pataka/ e da vogal /a/. Aumento das médias do protocolo de autoavaliação QVV físico e QVV total, e diminuição do IDV-10; ESV limitação, ESV físico e ESV total.

Pode-se inferir que o treinamento inspiratório promoveu maior eficiência fonatória e aumento do controle aerodinâmico, propiciando uma melhora na qualidade vocal. Assim sendo, incentiva-se o treinamento muscular inspiratório para sujeitos sem queixas vocais que desejem obter aumento de sua eficiência fonatória.

## Full-text entities

- **Diseases:** vocal handicap (MESH:D009422), vocal (MESH:D020323), ESV (MESH:D005862), COVID-19 (MESH:D000086382), hearing loss (MESH:D034381), fatigue (MESH:D005221), obese (MESH:D009765), vocal disorders (MESH:D013981), Vocal Deviation (MESH:D010262), neurological, psychiatric, pulmonary diseases (MESH:D001523), shortness of breath (MESH:D004417), SIVD (MESH:D014832), MAXIMUM PHONATION (MESH:D055154), gastroesophageal reflux (MESH:D005764)
- **Chemicals:** IDV (MESH:D019469), Autoavaliacao (-), TMF (MESH:C040872), H2O (MESH:D014867)
- **Species:** Homo sapiens (human, species) [taxon 9606]

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Source: https://tomesphere.com/paper/PMC12978322