# Development and Examination of the Psychometric Properties of the Social Perception of Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare Scale in the Turkish Context: Evidence From Hatay Province

## TL;DR

This study created a reliable scale to measure how people in Turkey perceive and trust artificial intelligence in healthcare.

## Contribution

The study developed and validated a new psychometric scale for assessing public perceptions of AI in healthcare in the Turkish context.

## Key findings

- The scale has a three-factor structure: attitudes and acceptance, trust, and perceived usefulness.
- The three-factor model explained 74.35% of the total variance and showed strong internal consistency.
- Confirmatory factor analysis supported the model's validity and reliability in the Turkish population.

## Abstract

The rapid spread of artificial intelligence (AI) in healthcare has increased interest in how the public views and trusts these technologies. However, tools designed to measure these perceptions in the Turkish context remain limited. This study aimed to develop a valid and reliable scale to assess public perceptions of AI in healthcare.

An initial set of 41 items was created based on the literature and expert input. Data were collected from 404 adults in Turkey and divided into two groups. Exploratory factor analysis was conducted in the first group, followed by confirmatory factor analysis in the second group to test the factor structure, validity, and reliability of the scale.

Exploratory factor analysis showed that the scale has a three-factor structure reflecting attitudes and acceptance, trust, and perceived usefulness. This structure explained 74.35% of the total variance. Confirmatory factor analysis supported this model with an acceptable level of fit, and the results also showed that the scale had strong internal consistency.

The SPAIHS is a psychometrically sound instrument for assessing public perceptions of AI in healthcare.