Novel APC promoter 1B variant associated with gastric adenocarcinoma and proximal polyposis of the stomach: a case report

TL;DR

This paper reports the first Korean case of a rare gastric cancer syndrome caused by a new genetic variant in the APC gene promoter.

Contribution

The study identifies a novel APC promoter 1B variant associated with gastric adenocarcinoma and proximal polyposis of the stomach in Korea.

Findings

A novel APC promoter 1B variant (c.-181dupC) was found in a Korean patient with GAPPS.

The variant was also detected in the patient's father, who had gastric cancer.

The variant caused reduced APC gene expression in HEK 293 TN and HeLa cells.

Abstract

Gastric adenocarcinoma and proximal polyposis of the stomach (GAPPS) is a rare autosomal dominant familial gastric cancer syndrome. GAPPS is caused by pathogenic variant in the regulatory region of APC. This study describes the first Korean case of GAPPS associated with a novel likely pathogenic variant in APC promoter 1B region.

A 35-years-old female patient who have gastric polyposis extending from the fundus to the body of the stomach was evaluated. Sanger sequencing was performed to detect mutations in APC promoter 1B region. A familial segregation study and in vitro luciferase activity assay were conducted to assess the pathogenicity of the novel variant.

A novel variant, c.-181dupC heterozygote, in APC promoter 1B region was detected. The same variant was found in her father, who underwent gastrectomy for gastric cancer. The in vitro functional study revealed a significant decrease in the expression of the APC promoter 1B variant in both HEK 293 TN and HeLa cells.

This is the first reported case of GAPPS in Korea, associated with a novel likely pathogenic variant in APC promoter 1B, linked to a significant reduction in gene expression.

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