# Platelet derivatives in oral and maxillofacial surgery: classification, and clinical applications

## TL;DR

This paper reviews how platelet concentrates are used in oral and maxillofacial surgery, highlighting their varied effects and preparation methods.

## Contribution

The paper provides a classification and overview of platelet concentrate types and their clinical applications in oral surgery.

## Key findings

- Platelet concentrates show variable clinical outcomes depending on preparation methods.
- Different types of platelet concentrates, such as APG, PRF, PRGF, and CGF, have distinct characteristics.
- Platelet concentrates have multiple functions including tissue regeneration and antibacterial effects.

## Abstract

Several studies on the use of platelet concentrates show different results. For example, while many studies demonstrate significant benefits of using PCs in tissue regeneration, others report modest or no results, creating uncertainty about the actual clinical usefulness of these PCs. This confusion also arises from the different protocols used to prepare platelet concentrates, which became clearer after the classification of PCs based on the presence of leukocytes and the organization of fibrin. Currently, we have numerous devices available to obtain PCs with specific characteristics typical of each method, such as APG, PRF, PRGF, CGF, etc. On one hand, this wide range of options offered by companies creates confusion; on the other hand, it allows us to have systems that provide a uniform product for all operators by standardizing centrifugal force, the type of vial used, its inclination, and rotation time. The aim of this mini review is to provide an overview of the applications of Autologous Platelet Concentrates (APCs) and their clinical application.

Flow chart illustrating the main functions of platelet concentrates, which include haemostatic, analgesic, hard tissue regeneration, soft tissue regeneration, and antibacterial, each represented with a relevant icon.