# Gut microbiota in the pathogenesis and treatment of inflammatory bowel disease: a critical review of mechanisms and therapeutic advances

## TL;DR

This paper reviews how gut microbiota influences inflammatory bowel disease and explores new therapies targeting the gut microbiota.

## Contribution

The paper provides a critical review of recent advances in gut microbiota's role in IBD and therapies targeting it.

## Key findings

- Dysbiosis of gut microbiota is strongly correlated with IBD occurrence and progression.
- Microbiota-targeted therapies show therapeutic potential but face current limitations.
- High-quality sources were used to provide a balanced and updated perspective on IBD treatment.

## Abstract

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), comprising Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), is a complex, recrudescent chronic gastrointestinal disease. The prevalence of IBD has increased globally year by year, and the exact pathogenesis remains incompletely understood. Evidence indicates that there is a strong correlation between dysbiosis of gut microbiota and the occurrence and progression of IBD. This review systematically describes recent advances in understanding the role of gut microbiota in IBD, with a particular focus on how dysbiosis contributes to pathogenesis. In addition, this review synthesizes the latest research progress and challenges of therapies of IBD targeting the gut microbiota, highlighting both their therapeutic potential and current limitations. Importantly, literature is based on targeted selection of high-quality sources, including clinical trials, meta-analyses, systematic reviews, and regulatory documents, to provide a balanced and up-to-date perspective. Emphasis is laid on the potential of microbiota-targeted therapies in IBD management.