# Effectiveness of In‐Person Versus Online Psychoeducational Interventions With Divorced/Separated Parents: A Comparative Analysis

**Authors:** Ángela Ordóñez‐Carabaño, Pilar Martínez‐Díaz, Mª. Angustias Roldán Franco, Virginia Cagigal de Gregorio

PMC · DOI: 10.1111/famp.70138 · Family Process · 2026-03-09

## TL;DR

This study compares in-person and online psychoeducational interventions for divorced or separated parents, finding both effective but in-person showing greater benefits in some areas.

## Contribution

The study provides a comparative analysis of in-person versus online psychoeducational interventions for post-divorce adjustment.

## Key findings

- Both in-person and online interventions reduced psychological distress and interparental conflict.
- In-person interventions showed greater improvement in total symptomatology, depression, and forgiveness.
- Online interventions increased accessibility without compromising effectiveness in most areas.

## Abstract

The dissolution of marriage frequently results in parental distress, strained coparental relationships, and adverse effects on children. Psychoeducational interventions have the potential to mitigate these effects, but there is a paucity of research exploring their comparative efficacy in in‐person versus online formats. The present study aims to assess the comparative efficacy of two intervention modalities in reducing psychological distress, mitigating interparental conflict and enhancing coparental relationships. The study evaluated 62 participants, comprising 41 in the in‐person group and 21 in the online group, over the course of 11 weekly sessions and a 6‐month follow‐up period. A battery of pre‐ and postintervention assessments was employed to evaluate a range of variables, including symptomatology, interparental conflict, coparenting, perceived support, forgiveness, and parenting style. Across formats, participants exhibited a reduction in overall symptomatology and covert conflict, accompanied by an increase in forgiveness. In the confirmatory ANOVAs, the in‐person modality showed greater improvement than the online modality for total symptomatology, depression, and forgiveness; no other interactions reached significance. The findings suggest that both modalities may offer benefits, with comparatively larger gains observed for in‐person delivery in these domains and online delivery enhancing accessibility. These results highlight the potential for tailoring intervention formats to participant needs and contexts, maximizing the reach and impact of psychoeducational programs for postdivorce adjustment.

## Full-text entities

- **Genes:** CPD (carboxypeptidase D) [NCBI Gene 1362] {aka GP180}
- **Diseases:** aggression (MESH:D010554), obsessive-compulsive symptomatology (MESH:D009771), Depression (MESH:D003866), IPV (MESH:C563733), problems (MESH:D019973), trauma (MESH:D014947), anxiety (MESH:D001007), addiction (MESH:D019966), paranoid ideation (MESH:D001072), psychopathological disorders (MESH:D009358), antisocial behavior (MESH:D000987)
- **Chemicals:** SA- (MESH:D000077145), S- (MESH:D013455), EMBU (-)
- **Species:** Homo sapiens (human, species) [taxon 9606]

## Full text

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## Figures

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## References

57 references — full list in the complete paper: https://tomesphere.com/paper/PMC12971250/full.md

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Source: https://tomesphere.com/paper/PMC12971250