# Solution‐Processed Organic Photovoltaics: Fabrication Advances and Challenges

## TL;DR

This paper reviews recent progress in making organic solar cells more efficient and stable, focusing on fabrication techniques and materials.

## Contribution

The paper provides a detailed analysis of fabrication processes and their impact on efficiency and sustainability in organic photovoltaics.

## Key findings

- Recent advancements in material processing and scalable manufacturing improve large-area device performance.
- Optimization of photoactive layers and charge transport enhances efficiency and stability.
- Interface engineering and electrode optimization are critical for practical OPV applications.

## Abstract

The growing demand for sustainable energy solutions has propelled organic solar cells (OSCs) into the spotlight as a promising alternative to traditional inorganic photovoltaics. Despite their advantages—such as lightweight, flexibility, and semitransparency—OSCs face significant challenges related to efficiency and stability. This review provides a comprehensive overview of OSC device fabrication, focusing on the critical roles of photoactive layers, transporting layers, and electrodes in influencing performance. We explore recent advancements in material processing techniques and scalable manufacturing methods, particularly for large‐area devices, while addressing key issues like morphology optimization and charge carrier dynamics. By synthesizing current research trends and identifying areas for future investigation, this review aims to inform and inspire ongoing efforts in the field. The unique contribution of this manuscript lies in its detailed analysis of fabrication processes and the potential for enhanced efficiency and application in sustainable energy technologies, offering valuable insights for researchers and industry stakeholders alike.

This review highlights recent advances in organic photovoltaic (OPV) device fabrication, emphasizing how material selection, interface engineering, and scalable processing techniques shape device performance. It discusses progress in photoactive and charge transport layers, electrode optimization, and large‐area manufacturing, offering insights into strategies that enhance efficiency, stability, and practical applicability of OPVs.