# Modification Strategies of Carbon‐Based Electrodes From Structural Regulation to Multifunctional Integration

## TL;DR

This paper reviews strategies to enhance carbon-based electrodes for energy storage and conversion by modifying their structure and integrating multiple functions.

## Contribution

The paper systematically analyzes modification strategies from structural regulation to multifunctional integration in carbon-based electrodes.

## Key findings

- Element doping and surface functionalization improve electrode performance.
- Composite material design enables multifunctional integration in carbon-based electrodes.
- Modification strategies have led to performance breakthroughs in lithium-ion batteries and supercapacitors.

## Abstract

Carbon‐based electrodes have garnered significant attention in the field of energy storage and conversion due to their excellent electrical conductivity, chemical stability, and tunable structural characteristics. This article summarizes the modification strategies of carbon‐based electrodes, starting with structural regulation. It explores the impact of microstructural design, such as element doping, surface functionalization, structural optimization, and design of carbon‐based composite electrodes on electrode performance. Additionally, it focuses on multifunctional integration, discussing how to integrate multiple functions, including electrical conductivity, electrochemical activity, mechanical stability, and fast charge/discharge capability, into a single carbon‐based electrode system. By employing material compositing, surface modification, and nanostructural design, performance breakthroughs of carbon‐based electrodes have been achieved in the fields of lithium‐ion batteries, supercapacitors, and electrocatalysis. Finally, it summarizes the challenges and opportunities of current modification strategies and provides an outlook for future development directions, offering theoretical support and practical guidance for the high‐performance optimization of carbon‐based electrodes.

Tracing the evolution from structural regulation to multifunctional integration, this paper systematically analyzes modification strategies for carbon‐based electrodes. It evaluates how element doping, surface functionalization, and composite material design affect the electrode performance, and offers perspectives on future applications and challenges in energy storage, electrocatalysis, and other potential areas.