# Nanotech meets antibiotics: nucleotide antibiotics delivered by lipid nanoparticles

## TL;DR

This paper explores how lipid nanoparticles can deliver nucleic acids to combat antibiotic-resistant bacteria, offering a new approach to tackle this global health challenge.

## Contribution

The paper introduces lipid nanoparticles as a novel delivery system for nucleic acid-based antibiotics to target and modulate bacterial resistance genes.

## Key findings

- Lipid nanoparticles have shown potential in delivering genetic material to prokaryotic systems to suppress bacterial proliferation.
- LNPs can be engineered to target antimicrobial resistance and bacterial fitness genes effectively.
- Formulation strategies for LNPs are critical for successful nucleic acid delivery against multidrug-resistant bacteria.

## Abstract

The global spread of multidrug-resistant bacteria poses a serious challenge to effective therapy and public health. The rising resistance to small-molecule antibiotics underscores the limitations of conventional antimicrobial strategies and highlights the urgent need for alternative therapeutic modalities. Lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) have emerged as efficient vehicles for delivering genetic materials, as exemplified by their success in mRNA vaccines. Recent studies suggest that LNPs can also be harnessed to suppress bacterial proliferation and counteract antibiotic resistance through the targeted delivery of nucleic acid cargo. In this review, we discuss recent advances in nanotechnology-based platforms for nucleic acid delivery into prokaryotic systems, with a particular focus on LNPs. We highlight LNPs as a promising delivery system for modulating antimicrobial resistance and bacterial fitness genes. Additionally, we outline key components and formulation strategies required to enable effective nucleic acid delivery against multidrug-resistant bacteria.