# Investigating the relationship of indoor temperature and humidity with sleeping quality in private residential care homes for persons with disabilities in Hong Kong

## TL;DR

This study explores how indoor temperature and humidity affect sleep quality in Hong Kong's private residential care homes for people with disabilities.

## Contribution

The study provides new insights into sleep quality in a vulnerable and under-researched population in Hong Kong.

## Key findings

- Many residents experienced poor sleep quality, especially during summer months.
- Indoor temperatures in care homes often exceeded outdoor levels in warmer months.
- Sleep quality was significantly associated with indoor temperature, humidity, and self-perceived humidity.

## Abstract

This study investigated the relationship between indoor temperature, humidity, and sleep quality in private residential care homes for persons with disabilities (PRCHDs) in Hong Kong, a vulnerable and under-researched population.

A 6 month pilot study (August 2024–February 2025) was conducted in three PRCHDs. Smart sensors monitored indoor temperature and relative humidity in dining areas and bedrooms. Thirty residents with disabilities residing in PRCHDs completed four surveys assessing sleep quality using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Time-series analysis compared indoor conditions with outdoor data, while statistical models analyzed associations between PSQI scores and environmental factors.

Many participants residing in experienced poor sleep quality (PSQI > 5), especially in summer (30–73%). Indoor temperatures in PRCHDs often exceeded outdoor levels, particularly during warmer months. Significant associations were observed between sleep quality and indoor temperature, relative humidity, sleeping periods, and self-perceived humidity (p < 0.05).

Findings highlight the need to improve environmental conditions in PRCHDs, particularly during summer. Recommendations include improving ventilation, increasing air conditioning use, and promoting outdoor activities to enhance sleep quality and overall well-being.