# Retraction Note: Salt stress amelioration and nutrient strengthening in spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) via biochar amendment and zinc fortification: seed priming versus foliar application

**Authors:** Shoaib Ahmad, Adiba Khan Sehrish, Afzal Hussain, Lidan Zhang, Sarah Owdah Alomrani, Azeem Ahmad, Khalid A. Al-Ghanim, Mohammad Ali Alshehri, Shafaqat Ali, Pallab K. Sarker

PMC · DOI: 10.1038/s41598-026-43112-8 · Scientific Reports · 2026-03-09

## Full-text entities

- **Chemicals:** Salt (MESH:D012492), zinc (MESH:D015032), biochar (MESH:C540010)
- **Species:** Spinacia oleracea (spinach, species) [taxon 3562]

## Full text

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Source: https://tomesphere.com/paper/PMC12968047