Primary Mediastinal Seminoma: A Diagnostic and Therapeutic Challenge With an Optimistic Outcome

TL;DR

This case report describes a rare testicular cancer in the chest that responded well to treatment.

Contribution

The paper presents a real-world case of primary mediastinal seminoma and its successful treatment with cisplatin-based chemotherapy.

Findings

A 33-year-old man with mediastinal seminoma showed significant tumor reduction after BEP chemotherapy.

Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial for favorable outcomes in primary mediastinal seminoma.

Histopathological confirmation is essential for accurate diagnosis of this rare tumor.

Abstract

Primary mediastinal seminoma is a rare germ cell tumor that predominantly affects young men. Clinical presentation is variable, and diagnosis relies on imaging studies, tumor markers, and histopathological confirmation. This case report describes the diagnostic and therapeutic approach in a patient with mediastinal seminoma, in accordance with CARE guidelines.

A 33‐year‐old man presented with hoarseness, progressive dyspnea, dysphagia, and cough. Diagnostic investigation revealed a large mass in the anterior and middle mediastinum, which was confirmed as seminoma by biopsy and immunohistochemical analysis. Treatment with cisplatin‐based chemotherapy (BEP regimen) resulted in a favorable response and significant tumor reduction.

Early diagnosis and appropriate treatment of primary mediastinal seminoma are essential for achieving a favorable prognosis.

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