# Open Porous Microenvironment-regulatory Microspheres Loaded with Curcumin@BSA NPs/BMSCs for Diabetic Wound Treatment

## TL;DR

This study develops microspheres that combine curcumin and stem cells to improve wound healing in diabetic patients by regulating the wound environment and promoting tissue regeneration.

## Contribution

A novel open porous microsphere system is introduced for sustained curcumin release and stem cell support in diabetic wound treatment.

## Key findings

- The microspheres enabled 35 days of sustained curcumin release, promoting stem cell proliferation and activity.
- Curcumin and stem cells together improved wound healing by regenerating blood vessels and collagen networks.
- The system activated mitochondrial autophagy, reducing wound inflammation and remodeling the immune microenvironment.

## Abstract

The process of healing wounds in diabetic patients is intricate and is notably obstructed by a disordered wound microenvironment, characterized by chronic inflammation and elevated blood glucose. The combination of stem cell therapy and drug treatment is seen as a promising application in future. However, the limited proliferative capacity of stem cells and inadequate drug availability present significant challenges for achieving optimal therapeutic outcomes.

In this study, open porous poly (lactic‒coglycolic acid) (PLGA) microspheres were designed and synthesized via gas-assisted volatilization microemulsion technology. These microspheres encapsulate curcumin and allow its slow release, thereby enhancing wound repair. The large pores in the microspheres provide ample support for bone marrow stem cells (BMSCs), enabling continuous drug release over a period of 35 days.

The sustained release of curcumin promoted stem cell proliferation and maintained stem cell activity. Additionally, it facilitates remodeling of the wound immune microenvironment. Additionally, the microspheres can activate mitochondrial autophagy in cells, effectively alleviating wound inflammation.

The combined actions of curcumin and stem cells aid in regenerating blood vessels and revitalizing the collagen network where the injury occurred, thus improving wound healing capabilities. Consequently, integrating drugs with stem cells and microspheres holds significant potential for diabetic wound treatment.