# Pre‐Transplant Infection Screening and Vaccination During Prolonged Waiting Periods for Lung Transplantation in Donor‐Limited Asia‐Pacific Settings

**Authors:** Takashi Hirama, Miki Nagao, Yoshinori Okada

PMC · DOI: 10.1002/resp.70226 · Respirology (Carlton, Vic.) · 2026-02-15

## TL;DR

The paper discusses infection screening and vaccination strategies for lung transplant candidates in regions with limited donors and long waiting periods.

## Contribution

It introduces time-based infection screening and vaccination protocols tailored for donor-limited lung transplant settings.

## Key findings

- Respiratory cultures at listing are insufficient without repeat testing during the waiting period.
- Perioperative antimicrobials should be prepared in advance for multidrug-resistant pathogens.
- Vaccination should be completed early, with live vaccines used only when indicated.

## Abstract

Donor limitation and prolonged waiting period create a need for time‐based infection screening and vaccination in lung transplant candidates.Respiratory cultures at listing are insufficient without repeat cultures and updated susceptibilities during the waiting period.Perioperative antimicrobials for multidrug‐resistant gram‐negative rods, moulds, and nontuberculous mycobacteria should be prepared in advance of organ allocation.Vaccination should be completed early during the waiting period; live vaccines should be given before transplantation only when indicated and eligible.

Donor limitation and prolonged waiting period create a need for time‐based infection screening and vaccination in lung transplant candidates.

Respiratory cultures at listing are insufficient without repeat cultures and updated susceptibilities during the waiting period.

Perioperative antimicrobials for multidrug‐resistant gram‐negative rods, moulds, and nontuberculous mycobacteria should be prepared in advance of organ allocation.

Vaccination should be completed early during the waiting period; live vaccines should be given before transplantation only when indicated and eligible.

## Full-text entities

- **Genes:** IFNG (interferon gamma) [NCBI Gene 3458] {aka IFG, IFI, IMD69}
- **Diseases:** hepatitis B (MESH:D006509), varicella (MESH:D002644), sinonasal disease (MESH:C535701), Infection (MESH:D007239), measles-mumps-rubella (MESH:D009107), nontuberculous mycobacteria (MESH:D009165), strongyloidiasis (MESH:D013322), MDR GNR (MESH:D018088), Epstein-Barr virus (MESH:D020031), disease (MESH:D004194), respiratory infections (MESH:D012141), MMR (MESH:C536143), infectious (MESH:D003141), latent (MESH:D000085343), tuberculosis (MESH:D014376), CMV (MESH:D003586), varicella-zoster virus (MESH:D000073618)
- **Chemicals:** rifampicin (MESH:D012293), isoniazid (MESH:D007538), nucleos(t)ide (-)
- **Species:** Human papillomavirus (species) [taxon 10566], Mycobacterium avium complex sp. (species) [taxon 37162], Strongyloides stercoralis (species) [taxon 6248], Pseudomonas aeruginosa (species) [taxon 287], Human immunodeficiency virus (species) [taxon 12721], hepatitis C virus [taxon 11103], Respiratory syncytial virus (no rank) [taxon 12814], Aspergillus (genus) [taxon 5052], Hepatitis B virus (no rank) [taxon 10407], Human immunodeficiency virus 1 (no rank) [taxon 11676], Toxoplasma gondii (species) [taxon 5811], Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (no rank) [taxon 2697049]

## Full text

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## Figures

1 figure with captions in the complete paper: https://tomesphere.com/paper/PMC12963693/full.md

## References

15 references — full list in the complete paper: https://tomesphere.com/paper/PMC12963693/full.md

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Source: https://tomesphere.com/paper/PMC12963693