Porous Structuring of Si Microparticles for Li-Ion Battery Anodes by Urea-Assisted Etching
Ali Abo-Hamad, Manisha Phadatare, Daniel Brandell, Maria Hahlin, Jonas Örtegren
TL;DR
This paper introduces a new method to create porous silicon particles for lithium-ion batteries, improving performance and stability.
Contribution
A urea-assisted etching method is introduced to create porous silicon microparticles without using HF, enabling better battery performance.
Findings
Porous silicon microparticles with mesoporosity and surface functionalities were successfully produced using urea-assisted etching.
Composite electrodes with 10–20 wt % porous silicon showed stable redox activity and retained 630–880 mAh g–1 after 100 cycles.
Higher silicon loadings led to rapid capacity decay, but lower loadings maintained good Coulombic efficiency and rate capability.
Abstract
Silicon-based anodes offer substantially higher theoretical capacities than graphite in lithium-ion batteries, but their practical deployment is hindered by severe volume changes that induce mechanical degradation and unstable interfacial chemistry. While nanoscaling strategies can mitigate these effects, they often suffer from low tapped density, complex synthesis, and limited scalability. Porous silicon microparticles provide a promising alternative by partially accommodating volume expansion while preserving processability and electrode-level integrity. Here, a HF-free urea-assisted etching strategy is employed to generate porous silicon microparticles under mild conditions, leveraging the coupled action of thermally induced structural disruption and chemically driven surface modification. Control experiments confirm that the combined action of these effects is essential to achieve…
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Taxonomy
TopicsAdvancements in Battery Materials · Silicon Nanostructures and Photoluminescence · Silicon and Solar Cell Technologies