# Dynamic biomarkers in hormone receptor-positive/HER2-negative breast cancer trials: a new hope for precision oncology

**Authors:** Giuseppe Di Grazia, Rodrigo Sánchez-Bayona, Climent Casals-Pascual, Tomás Pascual, Daniele Generali, Alessandra Gennari, Paolo Vigneri, Nadia Harbeck, Javier Cortés, Aleix Prat, Francesco Schettini

PMC · DOI: 10.1038/s41523-026-00904-5 · NPJ Breast Cancer · 2026-01-28

## TL;DR

The paper explores dynamic biomarkers for hormone receptor-positive/HER2-negative breast cancer to improve precision oncology and clinical trial design.

## Contribution

The paper introduces a new framework for using dynamic biomarkers to adaptively guide treatment and transform clinical trial approaches.

## Key findings

- Dynamic biomarkers from tissue and liquid biopsies can track tumor evolution during treatment.
- Metabolic imaging and microbiome profiling offer insights into host-related changes over time.
- A cultural shift in clinical trial design is needed to transition from reactive to proactive oncology.

## Abstract

Hormone receptor-positive/HER2-negative breast cancer evolves in response to therapy, demanding smarter, adaptive biomarker-based treatment strategies. We review emerging dynamic biomarkers to guide therapeutic decision-making, spanning tissue and liquid biopsies, metabolic imaging, and microbiome profiling, that capture tumor or host-related changes over time. By contrasting Academic and Industry approaches, we advocate for a cultural shift in clinical trial design and implementation, aiming to move from reactive to proactive Oncology.

## Linked entities

- **Diseases:** breast cancer (MONDO:0004989)

## Full-text entities

- **Genes:** NR4A1 (nuclear receptor subfamily 4 group A member 1) [NCBI Gene 3164] {aka GFRP1, HMR, N10, NAK-1, NGFIB, NP10}, ERBB2 (erb-b2 receptor tyrosine kinase 2) [NCBI Gene 2064] {aka CD340, HER-2, HER-2/neu, HER2, MLN 19, MLN-19}
- **Diseases:** tumor (MESH:D009369), breast cancer (MESH:D001943)

## Full text

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## Figures

3 figures with captions in the complete paper: https://tomesphere.com/paper/PMC12957472/full.md

## References

12 references — full list in the complete paper: https://tomesphere.com/paper/PMC12957472/full.md

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Source: https://tomesphere.com/paper/PMC12957472