# Horizon scanning from panel discussions at the EUGOGO Global TED Forum 2025 London

**Authors:** Vickie Lee, Mario Salvi, Anja Eckstein, Colin Dayan, Karim Meeran

PMC · DOI: 10.1038/s41433-025-04197-z · Eye · 2026-01-07

## TL;DR

This paper summarizes discussions from a 2025 forum on improving the management of Thyroid Eye Disease.

## Contribution

It identifies unmet needs and proposes strategies for future directions in TED management.

## Key findings

- Unmet needs in TED management were identified through panel discussions.
- Future research and clinical directions were explored for better TED care.
- Practical strategies were proposed to improve patient outcomes in TED.

## Abstract

This is a summary of some of the panel and round table discussions held under the auspices of the European Group on Graves’ Orbitopathy (EUGOGO) GlobalTED Forum at Imperial College London in September 2025 to identify unmet needs, explore future directions, and propose practical strategies for improving the management of Thyroid Eye Disease (TED).

## Linked entities

- **Diseases:** Thyroid Eye Disease (MONDO:0001509), Graves’ Orbitopathy (MONDO:0001509)

## Full-text entities

- **Genes:** IL6 (interleukin 6) [NCBI Gene 3569] {aka BSF-2, BSF2, CDF, HGF, HSF, IFN-beta-2}, IGF1R (insulin like growth factor 1 receptor) [NCBI Gene 3480] {aka CD221, IGFIR, IGFR, JTK13}, FCGR1A (Fc gamma receptor Ia) [NCBI Gene 2209] {aka CD64, CD64A, FCG1, FCGR1, FCRI, FcgammaRI}, FCGRT (Fc gamma receptor and transporter) [NCBI Gene 2217] {aka FCRN, FcgammaRn, alpha-chain}, IGF1 (insulin like growth factor 1) [NCBI Gene 3479] {aka IGF, IGF-I, IGFI, MGF}, TSHR (thyroid stimulating hormone receptor) [NCBI Gene 7253] {aka CHNG1, LGR3, hTSHR-I}
- **Diseases:** inflammation (MESH:D007249), Diplopia (MESH:D004172), endocrine disruptors (MESH:D004700), Graves' Orbitopathy (MESH:D049970), dry eye disease (MESH:D015352), autoimmune (MESH:D001327), cataract (MESH:D002386), Graves hyperthyroidism (MESH:D006980), strabismus (MESH:D013285), COI (MESH:D003103), sensorineural hearing loss (MESH:D006319), proptosis (MESH:D005094), Hearing loss (MESH:D034381), autoimmune hyperthyroidism (MESH:D006111)
- **Chemicals:** vitamin D (MESH:D014807), belimumab (MESH:C511911), Kriya (-), TCZ (MESH:C502936), RTX (MESH:D000069283), Selenium (MESH:D012643), steroid (MESH:D013256), DON (MESH:C005914), teprotumumab (MESH:C551399)
- **Species:** Homo sapiens (human, species) [taxon 9606]

## Full text

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Source: https://tomesphere.com/paper/PMC12957360