# Mitigation of inductive coupling effects on buried pipelines using gradient control conductors of overhead line configuration and hippopotamus optimization algorithm

## TL;DR

This paper proposes a method to reduce dangerous voltages on buried pipelines caused by nearby high-voltage power lines using a new optimization algorithm.

## Contribution

The novel use of the Hippopotamus Optimization algorithm for mitigating AC induced voltages in buried pipelines near EHV lines is introduced.

## Key findings

- Induced AC voltages on pipelines exceed NACE safety limits, risking corrosion and electrocution.
- Gradient control conductors and optimal conductor arrangement reduce induced voltages to safe levels.
- The mitigation strategies effectively eliminate potential risks as per NACE standards.

## Abstract

By electromagnetic perturbation effect, the extra-high voltage (EHV) overhead transmission lines can cause significant induced voltages and currents on buried metallic pipelines located in the immediate vicinity. These voltages can present a source of hazard both for the structural I ntegrity of the metallic pipeline and for the safety of personnel responsible for operation and maintenance. This paper proposes the quasi-static modeling of the electromagnetic interference to which a buried metallic pipeline will be subjected nearby an extra-high voltage (EHV) overhead transmission line, under steady-state operating conditions of the power electrical grid. Using the electrical network analysis method to evaluate the induced voltage levels and its effects on the buried pipeline; also, to propose a mitigation strategy if necessary. The results obtained show that the values of the AC induced voltage on the buried pipeline are significant and exceed the limits defined by the international NACE standard. They can cause a risk of electrocution for intervention personnel and accelerate the process of metal corrosion. Therefore, the gradient control mitigation technique of the conductors and their optimal geometric arrangement of EHV transmission line using Hippopotamus Optimization (HO) algorithm were proposed to reduce AC induced voltages within the permissible safety limits, according to the requirements of the NACE Standard. Finally, it should be noted that the implementation of these mitigation approaches have led to remarkable results in eliminating potential risks.