# Integrating ethics into infectious disease graduate training: a multidimensional framework for public health practice

## TL;DR

This paper proposes a new framework for integrating ethics into graduate training for infectious diseases, adapting to modern challenges like genomics and digital health.

## Contribution

The novel contribution is a three-dimensional 'Theory-Practice-Assessment' model for Infectious Disease Ethics education.

## Key findings

- The proposed model addresses gaps in IDE education revealed during the COVID-19 pandemic.
- It offers solutions for ethical challenges in digital health and precision medicine.
- The model is informed by the OPENING project's experience in adapting to emerging technologies.

## Abstract

Through a narrative review and synthesis of the global status of Infectious Disease Ethics (IDE) education, this paper proposes positioning IDE as a core competency in graduate training and constructs a three-dimensional integrated model of “Theory-Practice-Assessment.” Drawing on the experience of the OPENING project by the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases (ESCMID), it emphasizes that the ethical framework must adapt to the paradigm shifts brought about by emerging technologies such as genomics. This model not only addresses the gaps in IDE education exposed by COVID-19 but also provides solutions to ethical challenges in fields like digital health and precision medicine, offering a practical pathway for the reform of global infectious disease graduate education.