# Case report of two patients with refractory HIV-related B-cell lymphoma treated with the monoclonal antibody glofitamab for secondary central nervous system involvement **Authors:** Yueru Ji, Jing Gao, Tong Wei, Miaowang Hao, Weiwei Qin PMC · DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2025.1699475 · Frontiers in Oncology · 2026-02-17 ## TL;DR This case report explores the use of glofitamab, a monoclonal antibody, in treating HIV-related B-cell lymphoma with central nervous system involvement. ## Contribution The paper presents preliminary clinical evidence of glofitamab's efficacy in HIV-positive patients with secondary CNS lymphoma. ## Key findings - Glofitamab may induce clinical responses in CNS DLBCL by activating T lymphocytes. - The monoclonal antibody shows potential to treat refractory HIV-related B-cell lymphoma with CNS involvement. ## Abstract Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), the most common type of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-related lymphoma, is associated with a high risk of central nervous system (CNS) involvement. Studies have shown that CD20×CD3 bispecific antibodies have significant therapeutic efficacy in refractory B-cell lymphoma. Preliminary reports indicate that the monoclonal antibody glofitamab can penetrate the blood-brain barrier, inducing clinical responses in CNS DLBCL patients by activating T lymphocytes. This report presents preliminary clinical evidence on the use of glofitamab in HIV-positive patients with secondary CNS lymphoma. ## Linked entities - **Diseases:** DLBCL (MONDO:0018905) ## Full-text entities - **Genes:** CLTA (clathrin light chain A) [NCBI Gene 1211] {aka LCA}, DNMT3A (DNA methyltransferase 3 alpha) [NCBI Gene 1788] {aka DNMT3A2, HESJAS, M.HsaIIIA, TBRS}, CD34 (CD34 molecule) [NCBI Gene 947], IGK (immunoglobulin kappa locus) [NCBI Gene 50802] {aka IGK@}, TP53 (tumor protein p53) [NCBI Gene 7157] {aka BCC7, BMFS5, LFS1, P53, TRP53}, FOXP3 (forkhead box P3) [NCBI Gene 50943] {aka AIID, DIETER, IPEX, JM2, PIDX, XPID}, PWWP3A (PWWP domain containing 3A, DNA repair factor) [NCBI Gene 84939] {aka EXPAND1, HSPC211, MUM-1, MUM1}, HAVCR2 (hepatitis A virus cellular receptor 2) [NCBI Gene 84868] {aka CD366, HAVcr-2, KIM-3, SPTCL, TIM3, TIMD-3}, IGH (immunoglobulin heavy locus) [NCBI Gene 3492] {aka IGD1, IGH.1@, IGH@, IGHD@, IGHDY1, IGHJ}, NCAM1 (neural cell adhesion molecule 1) [NCBI Gene 4684] {aka CD56, MSK39, NCAM}, CD38 (CD38 molecule) [NCBI Gene 952] {aka ADPRC 1, ADPRC1, cADPR1}, KRT20 (keratin 20) [NCBI Gene 54474] {aka CD20, CK-20, CK20, K20, KRT21}, MYC (MYC proto-oncogene, bHLH transcription factor) [NCBI Gene 4609] {aka MRTL, MYCC, bHLHe39, c-Myc}, SPATA2 (spermatogenesis associated 2) [NCBI Gene 9825] {aka PD1, PPP1R145, tamo}, IGL (immunoglobulin lambda locus) [NCBI Gene 3535] {aka IGL@}, CD5 (CD5 molecule) [NCBI Gene 921] {aka LEU1, T1}, IFNG (interferon gamma) [NCBI Gene 3458] {aka IFG, IFI, IMD69}, CCND1 (cyclin D1) [NCBI Gene 595] {aka BCL1, D11S287E, PRAD1, U21B31}, FAM72B (family with sequence similarity 72 member B) [NCBI Gene 653820] {aka p17}, CD4 (CD4 molecule) [NCBI Gene 920] {aka CD4mut, IMD79, Leu-3, OKT4D, T4}, PPM1D (protein phosphatase, Mg2+/Mn2+ dependent 1D) [NCBI Gene 8493] {aka IDDGIP, JDVS, PP2C-DELTA, WIP1}, CD19 (CD19 molecule) [NCBI Gene 930] {aka B4, CVID3}, CD8A (CD8 subunit alpha) [NCBI Gene 925] {aka CD8, CD8alpha, IMD116, Leu2, p32}, BCL6 (BCL6 transcription repressor) [NCBI Gene 604] {aka BCL5, BCL6A, LAZ3, ZBTB27, ZNF51}, PAX5 (paired box 5) [NCBI Gene 5079] {aka ALL3, BSAP, PAX-5}, CTLA4 (cytotoxic T-lymphocyte associated protein 4) [NCBI Gene 1493] {aka ALPS5, CD, CD152, CELIAC3, CTLA-4, GRD4}, TAT (tyrosine aminotransferase) [NCBI Gene 6898], BCL2 (BCL2 apoptosis regulator) [NCBI Gene 596] {aka Bcl-2, PPP1R50}, MME (membrane metalloendopeptidase) [NCBI Gene 4311] {aka CALLA, CD10, CMT2T, NEP, SCA43, SFE}, CRP (C-reactive protein) [NCBI Gene 1401] {aka PTX1}, TNFRSF8 (TNF receptor superfamily member 8) [NCBI Gene 943] {aka CD30, D1S166E, Ki-1}, IL6 (interleukin 6) [NCBI Gene 3569] {aka BSF-2, BSF2, CDF, HGF, HSF, IFN-beta-2} - **Diseases:** vomiting (MESH:D014839), fever (MESH:D005334), Burkitt lymphoma (MESH:D002051), nausea (MESH:D009325), swelling (MESH:D004487), HIV-positive lymphoma (MESH:D015459), B (MESH:D006509), neurotoxicity (MESH:D020258), Tumor (MESH:D009369), influenza A virus infection (MESH:D007251), pain (MESH:D010146), blurred vision (MESH:D014786), CHIP (MESH:C536227), chronic inflammation (MESH:D007249), headaches (MESH:D006261), EBV (MESH:D020031), infectious complications (MESH:D003141), HIV (MESH:D015658), DLBCL (MESH:D016403), tumor-associated (MESH:D000072716), positive (MESH:D000377), non-Hodgkin lymphoma (MESH:D008228), system (MESH:D015619), CRS (MESH:D000080424), CNS lymphoma (MESH:D008223), CD4 immune cell deficiency (MESH:C566079), B- and T-cell lymphomas (MESH:D016393), numbness (MESH:D006987), weight loss (MESH:D015431), toxicity (MESH:D064420), ICANS (MESH:C000722498), Pneumocystis jirovecii infections (MESH:D016720), infection (MESH:D007239), immune deficiency (MESH:D007154), cytopenia (MESH:D006402), carcinogenic (MESH:D011230), deficiency (MESH:D007153), death (MESH:D003643), double vision (MESH:D004172), viral infections (MESH:D014777) - **Chemicals:** acyclovir (MESH:D000212), Decitabine (MESH:D000077209), polatuzumab vedotin (MESH:C000600736), thiotepa (MESH:D013852), GDP (MESH:D006153), Tislelizumab (MESH:C000707970), MTX (MESH:D008727), diphenhydramine (MESH:D004155), bictegravir (MESH:C000620396), tenofovir alafenamide (MESH:C442442), acetaminophen (MESH:D000082), glucose (MESH:D005947), Glofitamab (MESH:C000720108), sintilimab (MESH:C000632826), co-trimoxazole (MESH:D015662), R (MESH:D001120), dexamethasone (MESH:D003907), rituximab (MESH:D000069283), baloxavir (MESH:C000628402), CAR-T (-) - **Species:** Human immunodeficiency virus 1 (no rank) [taxon 11676], Homo sapiens (human, species) [taxon 9606], human gammaherpesvirus 4 (Epstein Barr virus, no rank) [taxon 10376] - **Mutations:** p.R552*, p.W314*, c.2186G>A, c.1654c>t, p.Y234C, c.942G>A, p.G244D ## Full text _Full body text omitted from this summary view._ Fetch the complete paper as Markdown: https://tomesphere.com/paper/PMC12953141/full.md ## Figures 2 figures with captions in the complete paper: https://tomesphere.com/paper/PMC12953141/full.md ## References 51 references — full list in the complete paper: https://tomesphere.com/paper/PMC12953141/full.md --- Source: https://tomesphere.com/paper/PMC12953141