# Evaluating the role of serum IL1R2 as a biomarker for diagnosis and prognostic stratification in sepsis

## TL;DR

This study shows that serum IL1R2 is a better biomarker for diagnosing sepsis and predicting outcomes than current markers like PCT and CRP.

## Contribution

The study introduces serum IL1R2 as a novel and more effective biomarker for sepsis diagnosis and prognosis.

## Key findings

- Sepsis patients had significantly higher serum IL1R2 levels than non-sepsis controls.
- IL1R2 showed strong diagnostic accuracy (AUC = 0.908) and predicted 28-day mortality better than PCT and CRP.
- In a CLP model, IL1R2 levels peaked within 24 hours and returned to baseline by day 3.

## Abstract

This study aimed to identify novel sepsis biomarkers by evaluating serum interleukin-1 receptor type 2 (IL1R2) for its diagnostic and prognostic utility, in light of the limitations of current markers like PCT and CRP.

A single-center retrospective analysis was conducted involving 55 sepsis patients and 42 non-sepsis controls. Serum IL1R2 levels, measured via ELISA within 24 h of admission, were compared against clinical data, including SOFA scores, 28-day mortality, and laboratory parameters (PCT, CRP). Diagnostic performance was assessed using ROC curve analysis, while prognostic utility was determined via Kaplan–Meier analysis. A cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) was used to track IL1R2 dynamics over time.

Sepsis patients exhibited significantly elevated serum IL1R2 levels compared to controls. IL1R2 demonstrated strong diagnostic power (AUC = 0.908), outperforming PCT and CRP. Furthermore, higher IL1R2 levels correlated with increased SOFA scores and predicted poorer 28-day survival. In the CLP model, serum IL1R2 rose within 4 h post-sepsis, peaked within 24 h, returned to baseline by day 3, and fell below normal by day 7.

Serum IL1R2 is a promising biomarker, offering a superior ability to correlate with disease severity and predict 28-day mortality.