# Association of left atrial volume and function parameters with cardiovascular outcomes following kidney transplantation

## TL;DR

This study finds that left atrial strain parameters can predict cardiovascular risks in kidney transplant patients.

## Contribution

The novel contribution is identifying LA strain parameters as independent predictors of cardiovascular outcomes in kidney transplant recipients.

## Key findings

- Lower LAScd and LASr were independently associated with major adverse cardiovascular events after kidney transplantation.
- Kaplan-Meier analysis showed reduced MACE-free survival in patients with abnormal left atrial strain.
- LA strain parameters may aid in risk stratification for cardiovascular outcomes in kidney transplant recipients.

## Abstract

Left atrial (LA) volume and strain parameters have been associated with cardiovascular outcomes in several cardiac pathologies, yet their role in predicting major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in kidney transplant (KT) recipients has not been explored.

We retrospectively reviewed the records of adult KT recipients from our institution (2015–2024). We utilized baseline echocardiograms routinely acquired during KT workup to measure LA volumetrics and strain. MACE was the study’s primary endpoint, defined as cardiovascular death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, stroke, major arrhythmias or heart failure hospitalization. Logistic regression, Kaplan-Meier and Cox proportional hazards regression were performed to evaluate the association between LA parameters and MACE.

Of 518 patients who underwent kidney transplant, 377 were in sinus rhythm with an acceptable quality echocardiogram (male, 56.7%; mean age 53.7 ± 13.1 years). Over a median follow up duration of 5.3 ± 2.3 years from KT, 82 patients reached the study endpoint. Kaplan-Meier analysis showed significantly lower MACE-free survival in patients with abnormal LA strain. After adjusting for confounding variables in the Cox Proportional Hazards model, of all LA parameters, lower LAScd (HR 0.94, 95% CI 0.89–0.98, p = 0.003), and LASr (HR 0.97, 95% CI 0.94–0.995, p = 0.02) were independently associated with MACE.

In this retrospective single center study, LA strain parameters particularly LASr and LAScd were independently associated with MACE after KT. LA strain might have a role in risk stratification in this population.

The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12947-026-00369-3.