# Inflammatory bowel disease through the lens of microbe-host interactions: immunomodulation, metabolic effects, and genetic susceptibility in microbiota dysbiosis

## TL;DR

This review explores how gut microbiome imbalances contribute to inflammatory bowel disease by affecting immunity, metabolism, and genetics.

## Contribution

The paper provides a systematic analysis of microbe-host interactions in IBD, integrating immune, metabolic, and genetic factors.

## Key findings

- Microbiota dysbiosis is linked to immune system dysfunction in IBD.
- Bacterial metabolites influence the progression of inflammatory bowel disease.
- Genetic susceptibility interacts with microbiota to affect IBD risk.

## Abstract

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), including ulcerative colitis, Crohn’s disease, and inflammatory bowel disease-unclassified, is a complex intestinal disease influenced by microbial factors, genetic and environmental. IBD has become a global disease with an increasing prevalence, endangering human health worldwide. Through its interactions with host immunity, bacterial metabolites, and genetic components, the intestinal microbiome plays a crucial role in initiating and advancing IBD. Treatment for IBD includes not only corticosteroids, aminosalicylates, antibiotics, TNF-α, α4β7 integrins, IL-12/23 antibodies, and small molecule antibodies, but also complementary and alternative medical therapies such as probiotics and prebiotics. This review primarily explores the relationship between dysbiosis of the microbiota and IBD, including the immune system, metabolites, and genetics related to microorganisms, to provide a deeper and more systematic understanding of the mechanisms linking microbial imbalance to IBD.