# Research Progress on the Mechanisms of Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis Associated With Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis: A Review

## TL;DR

This review explores how changes in gut bacteria may contribute to the development of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and highlights potential treatments targeting the gut-lung connection.

## Contribution

The paper systematically integrates recent findings on gut microbiota dysbiosis and its role in IPF, emphasizing the gut-lung axis and novel therapeutic strategies.

## Key findings

- Gut microbiota alterations are associated with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.
- Microbial metabolites and immune modulation are key in linking gut dysbiosis to lung disease.
- Probiotics and fecal microbiota transplantation show potential as therapeutic approaches for IPF.

## Abstract

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic, progressive fibrotic interstitial lung disease with an incompletely understood pathogenesis. In recent years, growing evidence has highlighted the critical role of gut microbiota dysbiosis in the onset and progression of IPF. This review comprehensively summarizes the characteristics of gut microbiota alterations associated with IPF, explores the underlying mechanisms driving these changes, and examines their impact on disease development. Particular emphasis is placed on the emerging concept of the “gut-lung axis,” which elucidates the bidirectional communication between the intestinal microbiome and pulmonary health. The review further discusses microbial metabolites and immune modulation as key mediators linking gut dysbiosis to pulmonary fibrosis. Additionally, current advances in microbiota-targeted therapeutic strategies, including probiotics, prebiotics, and fecal microbiota transplantation, are analyzed for their potential in IPF management. By systematically integrating recent findings, this article aims to deepen the understanding of IPF pathophysiology and provide a theoretical foundation for novel treatment targets centered on gut microbiota regulation.