# High-Frame-Rate Low-Noise Global Shutter CMOS Image Sensor for High-Speed Machine Vision

## TL;DR

A new CMOS image sensor with high frame rates and low noise is developed for high-speed machine vision applications.

## Contribution

A low-noise, high-frame-rate global shutter CMOS image sensor with UHD resolution is introduced for high-speed machine vision.

## Key findings

- The sensor achieves 1141 FPS at 12 bits and 1694 FPS at 8 bits at full resolution.
- It features a 5 µm global shutter pixel with dual-gain capability and low read noise.
- The sensor streams video through 16 CML data ports at 7.44 Gbps each, achieving 119 Gbps throughput.

## Abstract

In this paper we present a low-noise, high-frame-rate global shutter CMOS image sensor with UHD resolution (3840 × 2160), targeting high-speed machine vision applications. The sensor (ForzaFAST581) supports video capture at up to 1141 FPS at 12 bits and 1694 FPS at 8 bits at full resolution, consuming a total power of 5.5 W. Fabricated in a 65 nm, four-metal BSI process, the imager features a 5 µm voltage-domain global shutter pixel with dual-gain capability for improved dynamic range and a read noise of 3.04 e− in global shutter and 2.15 e− in rolling shutter mode for high-gain at maximum frame rate operation. For compact camera integration and low power consumption, the sensor is designed to stream video through 16 CML data ports, each operating at 7.44 Gbps, achieving a total aggregate throughput of 119 Gbps. Additionally, the sensor supports selectable output bit depths—8-bit, 10-bit, and 12-bit—allowing frame rate optimization based on application-specific requirements.