Smart Nanoformulations for Oncology: A Review on Overcoming Biological Barriers with Active Targeting, Stimuli-Responsive, and Controlled Release for Effective Drug Delivery
Srikanth Basety, Renuka Gudepu, Aditya Velidandi
TL;DR
This review explores smart nanoformulations for cancer drug delivery, focusing on overcoming biological barriers through targeted and responsive design.
Contribution
The paper introduces a hierarchical design pipeline for nanocarriers that integrates biological barriers and nanoparticle properties for effective drug delivery.
Findings
A multi-tiered tumor microenvironment is identified as a key obstacle for drug delivery.
Nanoparticle properties influence in vivo identity and targeting through the protein corona.
Responsive and immuno-nanoformulations are proposed as strategies to enhance therapeutic efficacy.
Abstract
Effective drug delivery in oncology is challenged by a hierarchy of biological barriers—from abnormal vasculature and dense stroma to cellular immunosuppression and specialized interfaces like the blood–brain barrier. This review provides a contemporary analysis of smart nanoformulations through the lens of a rational, stage-gated design pipeline. We first deconstruct the solid tumor microenvironment as a multi-tiered obstacle (systemic, stromal, cellular), establishing a barrier-specific foundation for nanocarrier design. The core of the review articulates an architectural toolkit, detailing how intrinsic nanoparticle properties precondition in vivo identity via the protein corona, which in turn informs the selection of advanced ligands for cellular targeting and programmed intracellular trafficking. This integrated framework sets the stage for exploring sophisticated applications,…
Genes, proteins, chemicals, diseases, species, mutations and cell lines named across the full text — each resolved to its canonical identifier and authoritative record.
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Taxonomy
TopicsNanoparticle-Based Drug Delivery · Nanoplatforms for cancer theranostics · RNA Interference and Gene Delivery