# Characterization of a Novel Cyclized Prodigiosin Derivative from Termite Mound-Associated Streptomyces and Its Potential in Cosmetic Applications

## TL;DR

A new pink pigment from termite mound bacteria shows antibacterial and antioxidant properties, making it promising for cosmetics.

## Contribution

The first report of a novel cyclized prodigiosin derivative from termite-associated Streptomyces with potential cosmetic applications.

## Key findings

- A novel cyclized prodigiosin derivative (C36H46N4O5) was identified from a Streptomyces strain in termite mounds.
- The pigment showed strong antibacterial activity against Gram-positive bacteria and antioxidant properties.
- The pigment was stable in cosmetic formulations, indicating industrial feasibility.

## Abstract

Termite mounds are rich, underexplored reservoirs of bioactive Streptomyces. This study focuses on the isolation and metabolic characterization of pigment-producing Streptomyces from Macrotermes gilvus mounds in Thailand. Four pigment-producing strains related to S. violarus, S. aureofaciens, S. roseoverticillatus, and S. flavofungini were analyzed. These strains exhibited robust antibacterial properties, primarily against Gram-positive bacteria, and significant antioxidant capacity. Structural elucidation using HRMS and NMR identified a stable pink pigment from strain A2 as a novel cyclized prodigiosin derivative (C36H46N4O5). To our knowledge, this is the first report of a novel prodiginine sourced from termite-associated actinobacteria. Feasibility trials in cosmetic formulations confirmed the pigment’s stability, suggesting significant potential for industrial use. These results underscore the value of exploring termite-associated microbes for the discovery of unique, functional natural products.