# Unlocking the Potential of Cranberry (Vaccinium macrocarpon Aiton) Pruning Biomass: Phenolic Composition and Antioxidant Properties of Response Surface Methodology Optimized Extracts

## TL;DR

This study explores the potential of using cranberry pruning waste to extract valuable antioxidant compounds, which could be used in sustainable agricultural practices.

## Contribution

The study introduces optimized extraction conditions for cranberry pruning biomass using response surface methodology to maximize antioxidant and phenolic compound yields.

## Key findings

- Optimal extraction conditions were found to be 40% ethanol, 60°C, and 49.44 minutes.
- The extract showed high antioxidant activity (429–490 mg Trolox equivalents per gram) and contained significant amounts of quercetin glycoside derivatives.
- Cranberry pruning biomass is identified as a sustainable source of high-value phytochemicals.

## Abstract

The aim of this study was to investigate the chemical composition and biological activity of extracts obtained from vegetative cranberry biomass generated during plantation rejuvenation. This biomass, composed mainly of young shoots removed during routine agricultural maintenance, represents a readily available and currently underutilized by-product of commercial cranberry (Vaccinium macrocarpon Aiton) cultivation. Extraction optimization was performed using response surface methodology (RSM), which enabled both the assessment of the effects of process variables and the identification of conditions ensuring maximal extraction efficiency. The optimal parameters were determined to be 40% ethanol, a temperature of 60 °C, and an extraction time of 49.44 min, and these conditions were further validated through an additional triplicate extraction. The resulting extract exhibited a high antioxidant activity (429–490 mg Trolox equivalents per gram) and was rich in phenolic compounds, particularly quercetin glycoside derivatives. The chemical profile and bioactivity of the extract highlight the considerable potential of cranberry pruning biomass as an alternative, sustainable source of high-value phytochemicals. Its valorization may support the development of environmentally friendly extraction technologies and contribute to closing the resource loop within agricultural production systems.