Botryococcene Inhibits UV-B-Induced Photoaging by Scavenging Intracellular Reactive Oxygen Species

TL;DR

Botryococcene, a compound from algae, may help reduce skin aging caused by UV light by reducing harmful molecules and protecting skin cells.

Contribution

This study is the first to show that botryococcene has anti-photoaging properties by modulating ROS and skin cell responses.

Findings

Botryococcene reduces intracellular ROS and H2O2 cytotoxicity in epidermal cells.

It inhibits UV-B-induced melanogenesis and matrix metalloproteinase-1 production.

Botryococcene enhances antioxidant enzymes and protects collagen production in dermis cells.

Abstract

Sunlight exposure contributes to human health; however, excessive light exposure to skin, especially ultraviolet B (UV-B), can produce high amounts of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and induce inflammation. Some antioxidants, such as squalene, can prevent UV-B-induced inflammation. C34H58 botryococcene is the most common triterpene hydrocarbon produced by green alga Botryococcus braunii; it is biosynthesized via a pathway similar to squalene and appears to have a similar chemical structure to squalene. However, there are no reports on the bioactivity of botryococcene. In this study, we evaluated that botryococcene can prevent the skin photoaging. Using ESR assay, botryococcene could not scavenge any ROS. However, treatment of epidermis cells with the botryococcene significantly suppressed intracellular ROS production by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and attenuated H2O2 cytotoxicity. Botryococcene enhanced the antioxidant enzymes in gastric cells, thus botryococcene may scavenge ROS indirectly, not directly. Moreover, botryococcene inhibited production of intracellular interleukin-1 and exhibited suppression of melanogenesis activity by UV-B irradiation. Addition of botryococcene-treated epidermal cells culture medium mitigated the increase in matrix metalloproteinase-1 production and the decrease in type I collagen production induced by UV-B irradiation in dermis cells. These results showed that botryococcene has anti-photoaging effects, including preventing wrinkles and blemishes on the skin.

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