# Gut microbiome and lung cancer: mechanisms, interactions, and dietary interventions

## TL;DR

This review explores how the gut microbiome influences lung cancer and how dietary changes like probiotics and polyphenols may help prevent or treat it.

## Contribution

The paper reviews the mechanisms by which the gut microbiome contributes to lung cancer and evaluates dietary interventions for prevention.

## Key findings

- Changes in gut microflora composition are observed in lung cancer patients.
- Gut microbiome influences lung cancer through immune reactions and inflammatory pathways.
- Probiotics and polyphenols may help prevent lung cancer by modulating the gut microbiome.

## Abstract

Lung cancer continues to claim countless lives globally. Several studies have shown that the gut microbiome is vital in maintaining healthy lung function through the gut-lung axis. A comparison between the gut microflora of healthy volunteers and lung cancer patients revealed that changes in the composition of gut microflora occur in lung cancer patients. The gut microflora may contribute to lung cancer by influencing immune reactions, inflammatory pathways, bacterial metabolites modulating host metabolism, microbiome dysbiosis, genotoxicity, virulence, and bacteria-induced epigenetic alterations. Thus, it may be assumed that maintaining a healthy gut microflora could help prevent lung cancer. Nutraceuticals are specialized products designed to support health and address specific nutritional needs. They contain ingredients like vitamins, minerals, probiotics, polyphenols, and herbs to reduce the risk or impact of certain illnesses. Nutraceuticals, including probiotics and polyphenols, play a role in preventing and treating various cancers, including lung cancer, by modulating the gut microbiome. This review examines the link between the gut microbiome and lung cancer, how it contributes to cancer development, and the impact of dietary interventions – particularly probiotics, polyphenols, and dietary fibers – on lung cancer prevention and treatment.