# Improving the Microbiological Safety of Raw Meat Through Visible Blue–Violet Light Irradiation

## TL;DR

Visible blue-violet light irradiation can reduce microbial growth on raw meat without affecting its quality, offering a non-thermal safety strategy during food handling.

## Contribution

This study introduces visible blue–violet light irradiation as a non-thermal method to enhance microbiological safety during raw meat handling.

## Key findings

- Visible blue–violet light irradiation significantly reduced microbial growth on raw beef hamburgers under ambient conditions.
- Irradiation synergized with refrigeration to stabilize microbial levels over time.
- The process caused moderate changes in meat quality, such as surface dehydration and color variation, without abrupt degradation.

## Abstract

The interruption of primary conservation procedures during food handling and preparation represents a critical operational phase for food microbiological safety, especially in environments characterized by repeated manipulation and continuous human presence. This study investigates the application of visible blue–violet light irradiation as a non-thermal process to mitigate microbial proliferation during post-processing handling of raw meat. Raw beef hamburgers, selected as the food model substrate, were subjected to irradiation using a blue–violet LED system operating in the 405–420 nm range and compared with non-irradiated controls under ambient and refrigerated conditions representative of real handling scenarios. Microbiological dynamics were evaluated through time-resolved enumeration of total aerobic mesophilic bacteria and Enterobacteriaceae, while concurrent measurements of moisture loss, texture, and color were performed to assess process-related effects on macroscopic product quality. Visible-light irradiation significantly reduced the rate of microbial growth during handling, with irradiated samples consistently exhibiting lower microbial loads than controls, particularly under ambient conditions (e.g., twofold after 24 h). Under refrigeration, irradiation contributed to stabilizing microbial levels over time, indicating a synergistic effect with low-temperature storage. From a process perspective, irradiation induced moderate and progressive changes in physicochemical attributes, primarily associated with surface dehydration and color variation, without abrupt quality degradation. These results demonstrate that visible blue–violet light irradiation can be integrated as a continuous, non-UV intervention to enhance the microbiological safety of raw meat during post-processing handling, supporting its potential role as an environmental control strategy in food-handling systems.